Psychological Safety: Workplace Violence’s Worst Enemy

Archive for the ‘Workforce’ Category

Psychological Safety: Workplace Violence’s Worst Enemy

Posted on: August 17th, 2025

Introduction: To some workplace violence is often taken for granted as the proverbial disgruntled employee who decides to come into the workplace vigorously towards a co-worker or supervisor over some unknown reason. Therein lies the importance of the effectiveness of a comprehensive workplace violence prevention program supported by quality training that educates and informs. Employee perceptions, experiences and expectations are at the start of individual conflict and when left unabated escalate beyond control.

 

Felix: In this Blog, Guest Blogger Jesse Pudles of Spot Corp Events and I take on the reality and the fuel of how miscommunications lead to misunderstandings leading to verbal exchanges and emotional conflict. And, when left alone festers and alienates the parties involved polluting the work environment along divisive lines. From my experience as a workplace security advisor, this is a leadership problem complicated by poor communications skills. My recommendations have always been to view violence prevention as a proactive strategy requiring multiple intervention tactics and strategies.

 

Felix: Jesse Pudles my Guest Blogger, Founder & CEO of Spot Corp Events, offers unique intervention strategies that go to the heart of preventing conflict through effective communication techniques and tactics supervisors can employ and employees can learn in managing personal behavior, minimizing conflict, preventing escalation, and reducing tensions at work.

 

Felix: Jesse as we talk about appropriate intervention strategies, I thought I would ask you to process this true event through your psychological safety principle. How would it have prepared this supervisor to have been in a better position to not only anticipate a problem but managing the situation before losing control? What do you see happening here and how could it have been managed differently? Now, I will tell you that your invitation to be a Guest Blogger is seen as a valid and plausible training solution I consider as a valued intervention strategy. So, I am looking forward to reading how you would engage with the supervisor and managers in a training session to manage these types of issues proactively and when confronted.

 

The Scenario: One Friday afternoon, Manager Jane approaches Supervisor John to discuss the previous discussion around reorganization of the unit’s work environment that Manager Jane emphasized was already beyond her date of completion. Not having all employees present to discuss the urgency of his manager’s requirement, he comes in over the weekend with a few unit volunteer employees to begin the necessary changes his manager expects completed immediately.

 

Unfortunately, there is one employee on vacation who was not available on Friday nor familiar with the required physical realignment of the unit’s workspace that would affect him the most. Upon arrival at work on Monday his observations caught him by surprise since things are not the way he left them as emotions ran high. This was a concerning leadership decision because the absent employee, though known as a reliable and dependable, was also known as a “hot head”.

 

Instead of the supervisor waiting until Monday to discuss the requirement with the unit employees, the well-intended supervisor overreacted by not waiting until Monday. On the other hand, the vacationing employee who emotionalized the moment instead of calmly addressing his concerns, erupts into a verbal tirade creating a hostile environment.  What seemed like an extremely easy situation to avoid in the first place escalates now into the adjudication of the explosive employee’s outburst as a violation of the workplace violence zero tolerance policy.

 

Jesse: Thank you so much for the scenario and these insightful questions and the challenge of being a part of your workplace violence prevention consultations, Felix. When looking at workplace violence prevention solutions, many are only looking at de-escalation solutions after the violence has started or conflict has begun instead of looking ar proactive intervention tactics and strategies. However, by focusing on psychological safety—which includes creating an environment where people are comfortable speaking up, sharing gaps in understanding and building enough trust that people feel comfortable taking risks, and making mistakes—workplace violence can not only be de-escalated, it can be stopped in its tracks altogether. With that understanding, this is how I would manage the scenario presented:

The first step when looking at any preventable issue is to explore the challenges that a leader exhibiting this kind of behavior might be facing. This starts with a conversation, in this case with the supervisor.

Based on the information you provided, my expectation is that the supervisor might feel like the team jumps to conclusions, that they do not listen to him, and that he may be unable to get his team to follow his leadership or direction. The key when it comes to leadership and psychological safety is listening between the lines. What is he saying?

What I am hearing is a communication breakdown. Something in the way the supervisor is communicating with the team is not coming through as intended. It is not clicking. I might ask further questions like:

“When you make a decision for the team, how do you usually go about it?”

“What kind of decisions do you make on your own?”

“What kind of decisions do you ask for the team’s opinion or have a conversation with the team first?”

Just based on this, I usually have enough information to start designing a session. From there, I identify the biggest challenges we can address immediately.

Based on what I am seeing in this scenario, the top three issues are:

Empathy – If the supervisor feels unheard, it is mutual. He does not feel listened to, which usually means his team does not feel like their perspectives, wants and needs are being heard either.

Support – Are people feeling valued? When people lash out or shut down, it is often because they do not feel supported by their coworkers or leadership. We need to explore and enhance that support.

Decision-Making – Are decisions being made democratically? A decision-making style that incorporates everyone’s voice can transform a team’s dynamics.

Now we have our blueprint. This is where things get interesting, and bear with me because we are about to go somewhere a bit unexpected.

All my team building and employee engagement work uses theater and storytelling as catalysts to shift thinking in a playful yet digestible way. This environment removes the usual resistance that always comes up when learning something new, especially when it is about us. As we laugh and share together, walls come down. The open sharing that results from our exercises gives customized insights into the challenges a specific team is confronting, providing solutions that will lead them to success, and it does all of this while bonding them closer together.

Additionally, for anyone still resistant to this unique type of intervention, we pair all our activities with research. As you begin to understand the purpose behind it, your resistance will also dissipate. We have seen this repeatedly.

The final reason for my approach is something called embodied cognition, a theory that shows we do not just learn with our brains but with our entire bodies. When learning is connected to movement, emotion, and experience, it activates multiple cognitive systems and becomes not just intellectually understood, but felt, which makes it more likely to be remembered.

Now that we understand the why behind this approach, and we understand the breakdown of this team, we are ready to build a session that not only prevents workplace violence, but builds towards improved retention, productivity, and morale for the whole team and eventually the whole company!

Felix: In conclusion, thank you, Jesse, for offering the value of psychological safety training as an example of multiple intervention strategies. Leaders should look for opportunities to hastily engage with situations in looking for swift solutions rather than doing things as usual. I think your psychological training exercises hit the proverbial prevention nail on the head for me. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.

 

About Felix P. Nater, CSC:

Felix is a certified security consultant (CSC) as awarded by the International Association of Professional Security Consultant IAPSC) and President & Chief Security Consultant at Nater Associate Ltd. He helps organizations implement and manage workplace security strategy with a focus on workplace violence prevention and the hostile intruder threat. He is a former federal law enforcement officer having worked as a United States Postal Inspector on a Workplace Violence Prevention Team and Major Crimes Team. He is a retired Army Reserve Sergeant Major having assignments from company first sergeant to command sergeant major at a major army reserve command.

What About Workplace Violence Prevention Policy Development, Can It Be Effective?

Posted on: June 13th, 2025

Before setting out to write the workplace violence prevention policy, we must understand what constitutes workplace violence and what we are trying to prevent. You should have an understanding about what you think would be necessary to consider in developing a violence prevention policy.

Workplace violence is a global public health problem that has already caused a serious threat to both the physical and mental health of everyone in organizations (Duan et al., 2019). Thus, preventing violence in the workplace is critically important, as suggested by the numerous books, articles, workshops, and seminars that have been available on the subject (Van Fleet & Van Fleet, 2022, 93-95).

However, all that advice has come from psychologists, physicians, and such.  What has been lacking is advice from those who know and understand management and organizations — advice that would not only reduce the threat of workplace violence but advice that, if followed, would also enable organizations to develop potential competitive advantages in terms of their personnel and productivity.  Look within your organization for such expertise, and if it is not available consider the value of retaining such services.

We must also consider the reality that prevention is not 100% preventable.  In a perfect world, organizations would identify individuals who would potentially commit workplace violence during the hiring phase and never hire them. Unfortunately, this is not a perfect world and people change overtime anyway. However, organizations can inform and educate everyone, particularly those in management positions, to know when someone may be on the brink of committing a violent act.

In addition, when preparing to write operate under the premise that OHSA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) captures workplace violence under Four Types/Categories (#1 criminal intent; #2 client to worker; #3 worker to worker; and #4 domestic (personal relations) under Four OSHA Categories: General Industry, Construction, Maritime and Agriculture.

A workplace violence prevention policy and accompanying plans with procedures should demonstrate the organization’s commitment toward ensuring the safety of members of the organization as well as customers, clients, and suppliers. Both management commitment and employee involvement are necessary for the development and maintenance of an effective policy/plan. The continued success and appropriateness of intervention strategies outlined in the policy can be monitored and adjusted with data collected at least annually.

Without a demonstrated commitment of management at all levels, others will not follow; and if management does not lead and others do not follow, then company policies will not succeed, no matter how well composed the lines are and how expensive the paper on which they are printed—they will remain “lost in space” when violence comes knocking.

Workplace Violence Prevention should not be an independent initiative but an organizational investment in creating and maintaining safe work environments with senior management leading the initiative through employee engagement.

About the Author:

Felix P. Nater, CSC is a certified security management consultant helping small & mid-size manufacturing, process, production, and utility firms implement and manage workplace security strategy with a focus on workplace violence prevention, and violence response (hostile workplace intruder). Felix is a retired U.S. Postal Inspector who previously worked on a U. S. Postal Inspection Service Workplace Violence Prevention Team and Major Crimes Unit. During his time on the workplace violence prevention team, Felix worked with local postmasters, postal service managers and senior executives to promote a culture of workplace violence prevention delivering training as needed and responding to a variety of incidents rendering risk abatement and risk management recommendations, and testifying at various city, county, state and federal criminal and civil hearings. Over the past 23 years as president and owner of Nater Associates Ltd, Felix has worked with small, medium, and large businesses and government agencies. He applies his Nater Associates Violence Interdiction Methodology as a part of his consulting process LI3CE (Leadership, Integration, Collaborating, Coordinating, Communication and Execution) in maximizing business and organizational independent capability to initiate and manage their programs. Felix is the author of Combating Workplace Violence: Creating and Maintaining Safe Environments with David and Ella Van Fleet, is a nationally recognized speaker and consultant, advisor and coach. He appears on a variety of podcasts as well as local and national news networks. Felix is retired from the U.S. Army Reserves where he previously served as the command sergeant major of a major U. S. Army Reserve Command.

 

Can Human Resources Play an Enhanced Role in Managing the Threat of Workplace Violence Through Supervisor Intervention?

Posted on: June 22nd, 2022

Human Behavior is a critical component of preventing workplace violence.  So how can employers improve their capability to reduce the threat of violence before it escalates to the homicidal acts we have seen recently. ASK ALAN: How To STOP Workplace Violence? – (alan-adler.com)

May and June were a period of horrific workplace and public shootings. On May 14, 2022, there was the TOPS Market Mass Shooting in Buffalo, New York. Then at the start of the Memorial Day weekend there was the Robb Elementary School Shooting at Uvalde, Texas raising questions about the school’s lock down response plans and the police department’s violence response. On June 1st, there was a shooting at an Oklahoma Hospital involving a distraught patient complaining of back pain following the surgery a week earlier who killed the surgeon, and three others. Can poor communications a contributing factor?

Organizations may be waiting too long before intervening in preventing the escalation of potential problems because of confusion in not understanding the meaning of workplace violence and workplace violence prevention.

Workplace violence is not just the homicidal act of violence by the disgruntled current or former employee or the intimate partner violence spillover into the workplace. But it is the everyday variety of harassment, verbal abuse, intimidation, threats, pushing, shoving, kicking, and fighting, which OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) defines as nonfatal acts of workplace violence.

Does Human Resources (HR) have a role in training supervisors as a workplace violence prevention strategy?

If you view workplace violence prevention as an ongoing process involving multiple intervention strategies, then you agree employers must maximize their internal capabilities early on.  It does not require a complex process, but it does require senior management commitment and investment that allows for training in the recognition of warning signs, risk factors and swift intervention.

So, can Human Resources play a role in making supervisors a workplace violence prevention strategy?

I think so! Supervisors can be an effective part of the workplace violence prevention strategy if HR can play a role in providing them training in how to manage the potentially hostile workplace on aspects of workplace violence, workplace violence prevention, technical expertise and consultation that helps them determine what course of administrative action is most appropriate in specific situations.

My position is that there is NEVER an excuse for a supervisor not knowing their workforce, or for failing to recognize their responsibility in providing a work environment that is RESPECTFUL, SAFE AND CONSISTENT in its handling of both good and poor performers as well as in managing and maintaining appropriate employee behaviors. Could this be asking too much when one considers whether the workforce trust supervisors and even considers them part of the problem?

It is my belief that HR can play an initiative-taking, constructive role in building trust and confidence in the workforce? They can improve the perception that HR overlooks the minor incidents that contribute to the daily victimization of employees reluctant to report in avoiding having a bullseye painted on their chest. Employees believe that HR waits for the escalation as proof of the premediated behavior and overlooks the psychological damage the day-to-day exposure has. Training supervisors in the role they can take to address such behaviors a strategy worth pursuing before it is too late.

Can supervisors be effective in creating positive communications between management and workforce by developing an empathetic leadership style that promotes trust and confidence in the hearts and minds of employees? Employees want to be a part of the solution but view supervisors as part of the problem.

While the questions are many does it make sense for HR to play a role in training supervisors to understand their resources in assessing, evaluating, and addressing the threat of workplace violence, including use of Alternatives to Discipline and use of Alternative Dispute Resolution process, and receiving advice, and counsel regarding personnel and labor law regulations? What do we have to lose now? Despair is not a solution.

The overriding goal of supervisor involvement is to make civility and decency in the workplace as critical as the paycheck. Shouldn’t the objective at this stage be the need to upgrade and humanize the way in which employers deal with all employees every day rather than just to focus narrowly on how to respond to the one who has made threats; is confrontational, disruptive or a disciplinary problem?  So why cannot HR enhance supervisor prevention capability through their visibility by training supervisors to be the solution.

 Long-term planning to improve employee morale pays in human terms.  Studies have shown that companies with effective grievance redress, harassment procedures also reported lower rates of workplace violence and workplace conflict.

While the intention of the Zero Tolerance Policy is well known, how effective is it really when discipline is the perceived outcome. How does an employer motivate an employee to report observations of a co-worker who might be his friend or Godparent to their child if the outcome is discipline and/or separation?

Despite the perception problems, employers must pursue alternative prevention strategies if they are to stem the alarming rise of the homicidal act of workplace violence in recognizing the employer’s duty and responsibility to provide for a safe and secure workplace. A workforce that is convinced that working from home is not as risky as working from the office, plant, warehouse or being shot in the parking lot.

Are there any undocumented obstacles and hurdles? HR needs to be viewed as the Champion of workforce safety and security if they are to dismantle negative perceptions when it comes to workplace violence prevention and zero tolerance.

As an ongoing workplace violence prevention strategy HR can play a role by assisting, assessing, and investigating allegations of workplace violence in the initial stages to address root causes and contributing factors?  Do you have an answer?

Workforce patience is already stretched enough. It might be time for Human Resources to step up as leaders in a unique way if not in this way.  If supervisors are called upon to discipline those who cross the line of civility, why can’t they be called upon to serve as day-to-day mediators and observers. Workplace Violence Is Unfortunately On The Rise Felix Nater Discusses Best Practices Regarding Recent Office Shooting – EIN Presswire (einnews.com)

Supervisors can be trained to recognize dramatic changes in employees such as mood swings, changes in appearance, time and attendance problems, co-worker interactions, and work performance.

Felix P. Nater, CSC is a retired Postal Inspector and security management consultant who partners with organizations to help implement and manage workplace security with an emphasis on workplace violence prevention and active shooter and the workplace mindset. He has spent the last 20 years working with organizations interested in improving, changing or enhancing their internal capabilities.  www.naterassociates.com  

Guest Blogger Dawn Marie Westmoreland and Felix P. Nater Discuss the “WHY”, “WHAT” and “How” of Workplace Violence Prevention

Posted on: August 11th, 2021

This edition of News & Tips to Combat Workplace Violence – the Blog highlights Dawn Marie Westmoreland as the Guest Blogger discussing the “WHY”, “WHAT” and “HOW” of workplace violence and workplace violence prevention with Felix P. Nater, CSC, Nater Associates, Ltd.  Dawn celebrates her one-year anniversary of her syndicated radio show, “The Empowered Whistleblower”.  Dawn has featured yours truly on the “The Empowered Whistleblower” Show on previous occasions.

The interview focused on tragic workplace homicides specifically the April 15, 2021, shooting incident at the FedEx plant, Indianapolis, Indiana. This senseless incident resulted in the deaths of 8 coworkers and 5 injured totaling 13 victims who were innocently doing their respective jobs. Though this shooting incident was reported by the media and local police as an active shooter, this shooting was actually classified as a mass shooting.

What’s sad is that by April 2021, April was a deadly month of workplace homicides.  There were about 26 victims of workplace shootings. Unfortunately, that’s not all.  As of July 31, 411 mass shootings fitting the Mass Shooting Tracker project criterion, leaving 437 people dead and 1,688 injured, for a total of 2,125 total victims, some including the shooter(s). So I ask the  question, WHY is there a penchant for violence?

(Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mass_shootings_in_the_United_States_in_2021)

WHY? Most businesses do not report workplace violence that does not result in deaths or serious injuries. That’s due to lack of communication, fear of taking action, and of course, lack of awareness. But the numbers are hard to ignore regardless.

Dawn thought the message was appropriate and applicable in reminding our audience that as employees we all deserve to work in safe and respectful work environments and that proactive measures can be taken to reduce the threat and minimize the risks.

Dawn Marie Westmoreland, who has 30 years’ experience working in HR, is not new to workplace conflict and personnel security threats. So, this edition is ripe in presenting an important opportunity to bring up that while it was Fedex then, it could be any workplace or educational institution that could be victimized in similar fashion tomorrow.

No workplace or educational institution is immune from the threat of workplace violence. How prepared are you really? Is the workplace active shooter an organizational prevention response or an unfortunate reaction to an unforeseen event?

WHAT? OSHA reports that there are about 2 million reported incidents of workplace violence annually. By workplace violence we mean nonviolent acts (verbal abuse, name calling, harassment, bullying, intimidation, and threats) and violent acts (throwing objects with intent to injure, fist fights, sexual assault, lethal force such as armed robbery and active shooter, bomb threats, and terrorist acts).

Dawn’s objective during the radio show, which was also videotaped, was to bring out the value of workplace violence prevention in taking proactive measures that help an organization understand prevention as a philosophy, forging a mindset that understand the approach to take to resolve issues, reduce conflict, deescalate incidents, minimize risk and roll out hasty intervention measures.

We can reduce active shooting incidents and mass shooting fatalities and keep employees safe by taking workplace violence head on. HOW?

By assessing their worksites, employers can identify methods for reducing the likelihood of incidents occurring. OSHA believes that a well-written and implemented workplace violence prevention program, combined with engineering controls, administrative controls, and training can reduce the incidence of workplace violence in both the private sector and federal workplaces.

OSHA encourages employers to develop additional methods as necessary to protect employees in high-risk industries.” Source:  https://lnkd.in/d9mWD38

Click the link to see and listen to Dawn Marie Westmoreland interview Felix P. Nater, CSC, Security Management Consultant.   https://lnkd.in/dh4wr2q